The epigenome consists of chemical tags that sit on our DNA and dictate how genes are read into RNA and proteins. Unlike the static genetic code, these tags can be altered by nutrition, stress, and environment, directly influencing health outcomes. Understanding this layer of regulation is key to preventing misfolded proteins and chronic inflammation.
The Epigenome Explained
Dr. Schuster describes the epigenome as a set of markers or tags attached to our DNA that control how genes are expressed. While the underlying DNA sequence remains the same in every cell, epigenetic modifications determine whether a gene is turned on or off, and can even be inherited across generations.
- Accounts for 90‑95% of DNA and RNA functions that remain unknown
- Can be passed from parent to offspring
- Acts as a bridge between genetics and environment
Reading and Tagging DNA
The double‑helix DNA is wrapped around nucleosomes and histones. When a cell needs a specific protein, these structures unwind, allowing a segment of DNA to be transcribed into RNA and then translated into protein. Epigenetic markers—often visualized as tiny marbles glued to the helix—either expose or hide DNA regions, influencing the transcription process.
- Nucleosome unwinding enables gene access
- Histone modifications add or remove epigenetic tags
- Cellular environment (pH, energy levels) affects tag placement
Why It Matters
A well‑balanced diet and adequate supplementation keep the epigenome in a state that promotes accurate gene reading. When the epigenome is disrupted, proteins can misfold, leading to neurodegenerative plaques seen in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Chronic inflammation, present in over 80 % of the population, is driven by over‑expression of pro‑inflammatory genes—a reversible epigenetic effect.
- Proper nutrition reduces harmful gene expression
- Energy sufficiency (ATP) supports protein quality control
- Reduced chronic inflammation improves lifespan and healthspan
Optimising Your Epigenome
According to Dr. Schuster, the most practical way to support epigenetic health is through diet, exercise, and targeted supplementation that lower chronic inflammation and boost cellular energy. Maintaining longer telomeres through these habits also prolongs the replicative capacity of cells.
- Eat whole, minimally processed foods
- Engage in regular physical activity
- Supplement to support mitochondrial ATP production
- Manage stress and limit environmental toxins
- Prioritise sleep to aid cellular repair
“If you alter your DNA or RNA as an adult, those changes can be passed on to your offspring.”— Dr. Jason Schuster
The full nutrition & epigenetics coursework
Dr. Schuster's accredited courses on epigenetics, methylation, and nutrition — the mechanisms on this page, in full.